Merge bitcoindevkit/bdk#1885: ci: use `ubuntu-latest` on `check-wasm`

Merge bitcoindevkit/bdk#1885: ci: use `ubuntu-latest` on `check-wasm`

9710ecf1aafb50646f1ca2cd526644fb77393b6d fix(ci): use `ubuntu-latest` on `check-wasm` job (Luis Schwab)

Pull request description:

  ### Description

  This PR bumps the `check-wasm` job runner image to `ubuntu-24.04`. It was previously running `ubuntu-20.04`, which is set to be unsupported in a 3 weeks (see https://github.com/actions/runner-images/issues/11101); `clang` gets bumped to `clang-14` because of this.

  ### Checklists

  #### All Submissions:

  * [X] I've signed all my commits
  * [X] I followed the [contribution guidelines](https://github.com/bitcoindevkit/bdk/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
  * [X] I ran `cargo fmt` and `cargo clippy` before committing

ACKs for top commit:
  notmandatory:
    ACK 9710ecf1aafb50646f1ca2cd526644fb77393b6d

Tree-SHA512: 4ac8d6808211f26ab5ba4700edd70072f06c3623fbc3d33c17ee2679c68849fa9ce71f2c488c3ce45a4f814b04b946c8a909763898d7190984ff3486d16bcaef